Muskrats are often mistaken for beavers at first glance. But their smaller size – only 2 to 4 pounds – and long, scaly, rat-like tail are good identification marks. Muskrats average 10 to 14 inches in length plus an 8 to 11 inch long tail. Their coats range from a silvery brown to dark brown with lighter underparts and they have dark brown or black feet.
Muskrats are chiefly aquatic and build conical houses, or nests, in open, swampy areas constructed of vegetation piled into mounds two to three feet above the waters surface and five to six feet in diameter. They also construct slides and well-defined channels through the vegetation along the banks of streams and ponds. Muskrats mostly feed on aquatic plants but they may also eat mussels, shrimp and small fish. Vegetation is stored in underwater caches for winter use.
Breeding usually occurs in April through August with litters averaging 7 or 8 blind and naked young. Muskrats are highly productive and may have up to three litters a year. The young are weaned at about one month old, but may stay with their parents a while longer
Be sure to stop at the Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge to check out the Trumpeter Swan Display. In the wetland habitat in front of the swans, see if you can find the swimming muskrat.
